The full and official name of the country is simply Georgia, as specified in the Georgian constitution, which says that Georgia is the name of the state of Georgia. Before the 1995 Constitution came into force, the country's name was the Republic of Georgia. Since it emerged from the collapse of the Soviet Union as an independent state in 1991, Georgia has once again been the scene of conflicts of interest. Both received their current nicknames from the British.
The country's name comes from the Russian word Gruzia, which in turn is derived from the Persian and Turkish versions of the name George, Gorj and Gurju. It's not clear when the British started using the word Georgia instead of Gruzia, but scholars believe that the change occurred sometime in the late Middle Ages. Since then, Georgian Dream has reduced the presidency to a ceremonial office, and all future presidents are expected to be elected by an electoral college, not by the public. Before the war, Georgians made up almost half of the population of Abkhazia, but up to 250,000 Georgians and others are expelled, practically reducing to half the population of Abkhazia.
For much of the 11th century, the nascent Georgian kingdom experienced geopolitical and internal difficulties, and several noble factions opposed the centralization of the Georgian state. On December 22, 1800, Tsar Paul I of Russia, at the request of Georgian King Giorgi XII of Kartli-Kakheti, signed the Proclamation on the Incorporation of Georgia (Kartli-Kakheti) into the Russian Empire. While Georgia has been very successful in reducing blatant forms of corruption, other more subtle corrupt practices have been observed. At the beginning of the 4th century, Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to the unification of the first Georgian states.
The Social Democratic Party of Georgia won the elections and its leader, Noe Zhordania, became prime minister.
During the Orange Revolution in Ukraine, thousands of Georgians demonstrated in support of Viktor Yushchenko in Kiev, Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, and in North America.
Georgia's explicit Western orientation, the deepening of political ties with the United States and the European Union, in particular through its aspirations to become a member of the EU and NATO, the American military assistance program Train and Equip, and the construction of the Baku—Tbilisi—Ceyhan oil pipeline, increasingly strained Tbilisi's relations with Moscow in the early 2000s. Since the beginning of the 21st century, visible positive developments have been observed in the Georgian economy. The Classical period saw the rise of several Georgian states, including Colchis in western Georgia, where Greek mythology located the Golden Fleece sought by Argonauts.Georgia's moderate climate and humid air, influenced by the Black Sea, provide the best conditions for grape cultivation. She had previously been an ambassador to France, where she was born the daughter of Georgian emigrants and worked in the French diplomatic service before obtaining Georgian citizenship. Sporadic violence involving Georgian irregular forces and Ossetian fighters continues until an agreement is reached on the deployment of Georgian, Ossetian peacekeepers and Russian. In 1783, Russia and the Eastern Georgian Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti signed the Treaty of Georgievsk, under which Kartli-Kakheti received protection from Russia.
Much of the natural habitat in the lowlands of western Georgia has disappeared over the past 100 years due to agricultural land development and urbanization...
